Germans save less than widely believed

People in Germany are sensible when it comes to spending their money. They shop at discount stores and pay attention to prices. They think twice about spending each euro, and put money aside for a rainy day. In 2010, for instance, Germans saved about 15 percent of their income. In terms of savings rate, only the Chinese performed better.

But the trend has been changing, with Germans increasing their consumption in recent times.

The buying mood of German consumers is at a 13-year high, revealed the German Society for Consumer Research (GfK), the country's largest market research institute. In other words: The propensity to save has not been this low for a long time. The savings rate has dropped to around nine percent.

An increased sense of security has contributed to this development, say experts. "Consumers are feeling very safe at the moment, particularly when it comes to their jobs," stressed Rolf Bürkl, market researcher at GfK. Less fear of the future raises consumer confidence.

Saving unattractive

There is also another reason behind Germans' decreasing interest in saving. "We currently have a central bank that is running a zero interest rate policy. This means savings are hardly bearing any interest," underlines Jan Philip Weber, economist at the National Association of German Cooperative Banks (BVR).

The European Central Bank's (ECB) base rate has remained at 0.05 percent, and it is likely to remain low for a long time. With this policy, the ECB is looking to decrease the cost of credit and revive the moribund eurozone economy. But the policy has so far failed to produce the intended results - due to a lack of demand for credit.

The ECB's move, however, has triggered a stock market boom. But Germans hardly benefit from this development, since most people in Germany, due to a certain risk aversion, avoid investing in stocks. Only six percent of Germans enrich their retirement savings by investing in shares, despite their proving to be the most profitable asset class, noted analyst Bürkl.

Driving growth

But Germans prefer buying property or a new car rather than purchasing shares. The willingness to buy something has climbed to an eight-year high. "An increase in consumption also helps other countries affected by the economic crisis, as it boosts German imports of goods from other nations," researcher Bürkl told DW. More exports from other countries will also reduce Germany's huge trade surplus, for which the country is regularly criticized by its trade partners.

Furthermore, higher consumption also offers increased momentum to Germany's economy. "Private consumption is central to our economic growth. And solid consumption is also a prerequisite for economic expansion and prosperity," BVR economist Weber said.

Continued decline

Nevertheless, consumption remains a double-edged sword as demographic developments in Germany will continue to put pressure on the country's savings rate.

"The rising share of retirees in the population will increasingly have a dampening effect on German savings," Weber said, adding that his organization projects the savings rate to sink to seven percent from 2020.

As an aging society leads to a decline in the level of pensions, Germans will have to put more money aside for retirement in order to avoid old-age poverty, noted Bürkl. He suggested that a savings rate of ten percent is needed in the country.