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“能打仗,打胜仗”

2013年7月31日

外国记者得以访问中国的一个防空旅,被认为是当局营造政治透明形象努力的组成部分。德语媒体指出,中国领导人正试图使本国武装力量更具战斗力,同时又在意识心态上对之严加控制。

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LANZHOU, Feb. 6, 2013 (Xinhua) -- Xi Jinping (C), general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the CPC Central Military Commission (CMC), talks with technical personnel and army members at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on Feb. 2, 2013. Xi Jinping visited troops stationed in the nation's northwest ahead of the lunar new year, extending festival greetings and stressing frugality in the army. (Xinhua/Li Gang) (lmm) XINHUA /LANDOV
图像来源: picture alliance / landov

德国之声中文网)外国记者本周一(7月29日)参观了距历史古城西安35公里处的一个人民解放军防空旅。这是外国媒介人士首次得到此类待遇。7月31日一期的《世界报》的一篇报道指出,该导弹部队指挥官在作介绍时一再重复党、国家和军队领导人习近平关于军队要“能打仗,打胜仗”的口号,颇具深意:

“关于打胜仗的口号的确不能光从字面上去理解。它其实是一种批评,是党和国家及军队新的最高领导人习近平对军队的整个状况所作批评的同义词。习认为,军队已因腐败、挥霍和低效而瘫痪,变得臃肿和尾大不掉,难以完成其本来的使命。在任9个月后,习显然感觉自己已足够强大,可以冒一场彻底控制这支230万人军队的权力之争的风险。……历史上,类似的权力斗争并非首次发生。邓小平和江泽民就曾经不得不进行这样的权力斗争。1981年,邓小平得以成功地将当时600万人规模的军队缩减一半。江1998年解散了受腐败的军队单位控制的握有重金的庞大经济康采恩、走私垄断集团和避税仓库。……从7月8日起,与对8200万党员的教育运动同时,为期一年的全军教育运动启动。不愿透露姓名的一些持批评立场的知识分子担心,这可能标志着一个政治清洗时代的开始。他们指出,习试图利用曾在历史上遭人诟病的意识形态运动手法控制军队和党。当年的意识形态运动惯用的名字有‘群众路线’、‘批评与自我批评’、‘深入基层’,等等。不清楚的是,习是真的出于信仰这么做的,抑或仅仅是出于一种政治算计。不过,他关于苏联之亡是意识形态和物质上腐败政党的必然结果的说法,让人更倾向于认为他是出于信仰。……

Naval honour guards stand as they wait for a review on China's aircraft carrier "Liaoning" in Dalian, Liaoning province, September 25, 2012. China's first aircraft carrier was delivered and commissioned to the Navy of the Chinese People's Liberation Army on Tuesday after years of refitting and sea trials. REUTERS/Xinhua/Zha Chunming (CHINA - Tags: MILITARY POLITICS) NO SALES. NO ARCHIVES. FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS. THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. IT IS DISTRIBUTED, EXACTLY AS RECEIVED BY REUTERS, AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS. CHINA OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN CHINA. YES
中国首艘航母“辽宁号”2012年9月编入现役图像来源: Reuters

“记者首次被允许参观军事基地,这是国防部新闻攻势战的组成部分。2013年开年以来,中国政府渐渐掀开了迄今遮挡着军队真实面目的竹帘。今年一月,当局首次允许公布了18个集团军驻地的真实名字和编号。……”

Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) tanks rumble past Tiananmen Square during the National Day parade in Beijing on October 1, 2009. AFP PHOTO/FREDERIC J. BROWN (Photo credit should read FREDERIC J. BROWN/AFP/Getty Images)
中国军费多年来每年增加图像来源: Getty Images

拒绝双边峰会

日本政府特使、外务事务次官斋木昭隆本周访华,带来安倍晋三首相希望两国首脑会晤的口信,但遭中方冷遇。《法兰克福汇报》这样分析北京拒绝现在举行首脑会谈的原因:

An aerial photo shows a Chinese marine surveillance ship Haijian No. 66 (C) cruising next to Japan Coast Guard patrol ships in the East China Sea, near known as Senkaku isles in Japan and Diaoyu islands in China, in this photo taken by Kyodo April 23, 2013. Japanese nationalists sailed a flotilla of boats on Tuesday in waters near islands at the centre of a row between China and Japan, putting further strain on Tokyo's tense ties with Beijing as a group of more than 160 Japanese lawmakers visited a shrine seen by critics a symbol of Japan's past militarism. Japanese and Chinese patrol ships have been playing a cat-and-mouse game near the Japanese-controlled East China Sea islands, where China is seeking to assert its claim to sovereignty by sending ships into the disputed waters. Mandatory Credit. REUTERS/Kyodo (JAPAN - Tags: POLITICS) FOR EDITORIAL USE ONLY. NOT FOR SALE FOR MARKETING OR ADVERTISING CAMPAIGNS. THIS IMAGE HAS BEEN SUPPLIED BY A THIRD PARTY. IT IS DISTRIBUTED, EXACTLY AS RECEIVED BY REUTERS, AS A SERVICE TO CLIENTS. MANDATORY CREDIT. JAPAN OUT. NO COMMERCIAL OR EDITORIAL SALES IN JAPAN. YES
日中舰船在东中国海上频繁对峙图像来源: Reuters

“通过此次访问,日本希望向中国示好。两国对日本所称的尖阁诸岛—中国所称的钓鱼岛发生主权争议。当地被认为渔业资源丰富,而且可能蕴藏能源。相关争议撕裂了中国人来自第二次世界大战的疮疤。中国也对因选举获胜而地位更强的安倍的保守主义路线满怀狐疑。有关据称双方正致力于实现两国领导人会晤的报道激怒了北京。中国政府一名官员暂时排除了举行峰会的可能性,他强调,日本政府须首先采取改善双边关系的具体措施。他也表示,日本政府顾问饭岛勋关于峰会有望即将举行的说法‘与事实不符,是错误的’。这位官员甚至还表示,(日中)领导人在9月初的圣彼得堡G20峰会上会晤也‘不太可能’”。

摘编:凝炼
责编:洪沙

[摘编自其它媒体,不代表德国之声观点]

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